Developing a Health Sense of Self

Teenage years can be challenging. So much is changing and you are growing in so many different ways, mentally and physically, it can be hard to know where to turn. In addition, this is a time in your life where you may be trying to find yourself and decide who you want to be. All of this can be exciting and overwhelming at the same time. Therapy can help. 

Teen Self-identity Formation:  Inevitable and Necessary

“Identity formation” or “individuation” is the process of developing a personality that is uniquely your own.  Identity formation was extensively described in the Theory of Developmental Stages by Erik Erikson.  It is a continuing process from birth through adulthood, but it gains importance during adolescence. This is the basis of Erikson’s proposal that “identity formation is the key developmental task of adolescence.”  It is a fundamental task that may critically impact personal growth or stagnation.

The process does not happen in one, quick event.  It entails “progressive developmental shifts” or a series of changes in traits and preferences.  This can be influenced by a lot of factors. The most powerful forces could be peer and family influences. Not to be underestimated is the impact of technology, particularly now. There are other factors or systems that can impact the process of self-identity formation – social, educational, vocational, environmental, and developmental, to name a few.  While identity formation is in full gear during adolescence, it continues throughout life.

This process can bring about concerns that may need to be resolved to form your identity. An inability to resolve related issues can lead to an “identity crisis.” Erikson says that “the successful resolution of this crisis depends on one’s progress through previous developmental stages, centering on fundamental issues of trust, autonomy, and initiative.”  Only about half of teens truly resolve their identity problems and are prepared to move forward into adult life. The remaining half may take longer or run the risk of having an identity crisis.

What is an Identity Crisis?

When unable to resolve challenges, you or many other teens, may not readily move on to adulthood with ease. You may also experience an “identity crisis.”  This concept was also coined by Erikson to refer to the conflicts that people may experience in relation to their inability to define their sense of self during adolescence. It is defined as a “time of intensive analysis and exploration of different ways of looking at oneself.”

According to James Marcia, who expanded Erikson’s Theory of Development, an identity crisis or confusion arises when a person cannot make a commitment to an identity.  Making such a commitment can be critical in building a healthy and fulfilling life. However, the process can be extremely difficult for some, especially when there are complications, such as depression or anxiety.

Identity crisis is not uncommon, and it isn’t limited to adolescence.  Without proper identity formation, the crisis can extend beyond the teen years. In fact, Erikson first applied the concept to WWII veterans who were on the brink of redefining their “sense of self” as they “reintegrate” into mainstream life. Other experts agree that adults may also struggle with identity crises, particularly when they had an uncertain sense of self as a teen.

Therapy and Identity Development

Identifying development can be overwhelming and exciting. This can help you to feel more confident and even assist you in reaching life goals. Learning that you are in control of who you are can be liberating. You get to decide who you will be. 

All of this can be difficult to do on your own. Having a healthy support system can make a world of difference. Working with a therapist that you can trust can also be productive. Therapy can provide a safe place for you to explore your feelings and what may be getting in the way of you being who you’d like to be.  Carolina Counseling Services – Sanford, NC can help. Talk to your parents about calling today!